low mood

The amino acid glutamine improves low mood by addressing gut health, and it has calming effects too

October 3, 2025 By Trudy Scott 2 Comments

Recent research has shown that the amino acid glutamine can positively affect gut health by supporting the gut microbiome, gut mucosal wall integrity, and by modulating inflammatory responses.

As modulated by the vagus nerve, via the enteric nervous system, the gut-brain connection can impact the brain’s neurochemical environment. Poor gut health can disrupt the balance of neurotransmitters, which can result in neuropsychiatric based conditions such as depression.

Glutamine supplementation may provide significant adjunctive nutritional support in cases of depression by promoting proper gut health and function.

The above is an excerpt from the paper, The role of glutamine in supporting gut health and neuropsychiatric factors, published in 2021.

The authors do note the fact that glutamine is a “fundamental precursor to the most prevalent neurotransmitters, GABA and glutamate.” This is why glutamine supplementation can be calming for many individuals and may sometimes be too stimulating for some folks. It also highlights the importance of biochemical individuality and why it’s important to find your ideal dose (more on that below).

I appreciate their call for more research on glutamine, “as well as studies which could explore using glutamine in concert with other supportive amino acids, such as GABA and tyrosine, in an effort to restore neurotransmitter equilibrium” (more on that below too).

Read on below to learn more about how glutamine directly supports gut health and what harms the gut; how to know if glutamine will be calming or too stimulating, and how much to use; and other clues that you may benefit from glutamine; and additional resources when are new to amino acids such as glutamine, GABA and others.

How glutamine directly supports gut health and what harms the gut

From the above paper, glutamine:

1) has a positive impact on sustaining the balance of the gut microbiome
2) increases the expression of tight junction proteins and the integrity of the intestinal lining (i.e. it heals leaky gut)
3) helps to minimize the inflammatory response in situations of gut mucosal irritation (i.e the inner most lining of the digestive tract).

The authors also discuss all of the many factors that are harmful for the gut: highly processed foods, refined sugars, saturated fat, and minimal healthy fatty acids and antioxidants; lack of probiotics and prebiotics; blood sugar swings; stress and high cortisol; medications and alcohol consumption. Much of this is addressed in my book “The Antianxiety Food Solution”

It’s well-worth reading the entire paper for a full understanding of the two-way gut-brain connection via the vagus nerve and the role of the microbiome when it comes to neurotransmitter production and much more.

How to know if glutamine will be calming or too stimulating, and how much to use

As mentioned above, the authors share that glutamine is a precursor to GABA, a calming neurotransmitter i.e. it is often calming.

Glutamine is also a precursor to glutamate and can be too stimulating for some, typically when very high doses are used.

The paper mentions studies that “observed the effects of glutamine supplementation used at doses of between 15 g and 30 g,” however my recommendation is to start low and slowly increase based on your unique need. I have clients and those in my programs start with 500 mg once a day and increase to 1-3 x 500 mg, up to 3 or 4 times a day.

The only way to know if it will be calming or stimulating is to do a trial alone i.e. with no other new supplements, and carefully track the effects.

I also find using glutamine powder and holding it for 1-2 minutes on the tongue is more effective and less is often needed. This has additional benefits of stopping intense sugar cravings in their tracks (more on this below).

Other clues that you may benefit from glutamine: symptoms of low blood sugar

As mentioned above, glutamine helps reduce intense sugar cravings, and prevents low blood sugar (which can actually cause anxiety and panic attacks). This aspect is not mentioned in the paper but addressing low blood sugar is yet another application of glutamine when it comes to anxiety and low mood.

Here are all the symptoms we see with low blood sugar:

Crave sugar, starch or alcohol any time during the day
Irritable, shaky, headachey – especially if going too long between meals
Intense cravings for sweets
Lightheaded if meals are missed
Eating relieves fatigue
Agitated, easily upset
Nervous, anxious, panic attacks

And here are some other blog posts that illustrate some of the above:

Together with low serotonin and low GABA, addressing low blood sugar is one of the most effective approaches I use with clients to help ease anxiety. We achieve this with the use of glutamine and by controlling blood sugar by starting the day with a breakfast that includes quality animal protein.

We may also use tyrosine if there are low dopamine symptoms and d-phenylalanine if there are low endorphin symptoms, in an “effort to restore neurotransmitter equilibrium.”

Additional resources when you are new to using glutamine, GABA or tyrosine, or other amino acids as supplements

We use the symptoms questionnaire to figure out if low blood sugar (indicating a possible need for glutamine) or low GABA (indicating a possible need for GABA or theanine) or low dopamine (indicating a possible need for tyrosine) or other neurotransmitter imbalances may be an issue for you.

If you suspect low levels of any of the neurotransmitters and do not yet have my book, The Antianxiety Food Solution – How the Foods You Eat Can Help You Calm Your Anxious Mind, Improve Your Mood, and End Cravings. I highly recommend getting it and reading it before jumping in and using amino acids on your own so you are knowledgeable. And be sure to share it with the practitioner/health team you or your loved one is working with.

There is an entire chapter on the amino acids and they are discussed throughout the book in the sections on gut health, gluten, blood sugar control (this and glutamine is covered in an entire chapter too), sugar cravings, anxiety and mood issues. The importance of quality animal protein and healthy fats is also covered.

The book doesn’t include product names (per the publisher’s request) so this blog, The Antianxiety Food Solution Amino Acid and Pyroluria Supplements, lists the amino acids that I use with my individual clients and those in my group programs.

If, after reading this blog and my book, you don’t feel comfortable figuring things out on your own (i.e. doing the symptoms questionnaire and respective amino acids trials), a good place to get help is the GABA QuickStart Program (if you have low GABA symptoms too). This is a paid online/virtual group program where you get my guidance and community support.

If you need serotonin support, the Serotonin QuickStart Program is a good place to get help. This is also a paid online/virtual group program where you get my guidance on using tryptophan and 5-HTP safely, and community support during 5 LIVE Q&A calls. You can sign up to be notified when the next live launch of this program is happening.

If you are a practitioner, join us in The Balancing Neurotransmitters: the Fundamentals program. This is also a paid online/virtual program with an opportunity to interact with me and other practitioners who are also using the amino acids.

Now I’d love to hear from you…

Has glutamine helped you with your leaky gut, low mood and/or offered calming effects?

What about intense cravings for something sweet or irritability and poor focus? And other low blood sugar symptoms?

How much do you find helps? And do you use powder or capsules?

Are you interested in a program to learn more about the safe and effective use of glutamine and/or tyrosine?

Feel free to share and ask your questions below.

Tryptophan and GABA for relaxation, jaw pain, sleep, anger and mood symptoms

June 13, 2025 By Trudy Scott 10 Comments

I typically start clients on tryptophan if they have signs of low serotonin: stressed, overwhelmed worry, fears, obsessing, feeling anxious, ruminations, low mood, anger issues/rage, sleep problems, pain issues, PMS, low self-esteem, imposter syndrome, and afternoon/evening carb cravings etc. If we don’t get expected results we switch to 5-HTP as some people do better on one vs the other.

With signs of low GABA – a more physical kind of anxiety, with some overwhelm, intrusive thoughts, tension, sleep issues (often lying awake tense), stress-eating and/or drinking and pain – I typically recommend a GABA only product (as a powder or capsule opened) or GABA Calm (a sublingual). In some cases we may consider theanine and pharmaGABA.

The best way to assess low GABA and low serotonin is the symptoms questionnaire and a trial of the respective amino acids – one at a time. But the key is to find the ideal amount for the unique needs of each person. We do that by methodically and systematically increasing the amino acid slowly and tracking improvements for each increase.

In this blog you can read some success stories from women who used tryptophan and GABA for relaxation, jaw pain, sleep, anger and mood symptoms, and my commentary with some additional insights.

Tryptophan and GABA (as powders) – for her stress and pain

Amy uses both tryptophan and GABA for relaxation and jaw pain:

I use both tryptophan and GABA, I just take them separately. When my jaw was really bad the tryptophan really helped. I also do vagus nerve stimulating exercises that make me yawn and it stretches and releases the jaw.

As for the GABA …when I’m very stressed, I need extra to feel the effects. I use a pinch between the fingers of the Now powder and let it dissolve on my tongue. I feel my body relax in about 30 seconds. If nothing then I take a second pinch. Most days 1 pinch is enough.

I also let tryptophan dissolve in my mouth and most days I feel the same physical relaxation after a few moments. It’s not always obvious with the tryptophan though. I use 1/4 tsp of powder but you can use capsules. I mix the powder with pudding powder because it’s very bitter.

Both tryptophan and GABA can help with pain, and also feeling anxious and stressed.

The benefits are via different mechanisms – tryptophan boosts low serotonin and it’s typically more of a mental type of relaxation. This blog illustrates the use of tryptophan for TMJ (temporomandibular joint) – Tryptophan ends TMJ pain, headaches and worry, and improves mood and sleep: a success story.

The amino acid GABA boots low GABA levels and it provides more of a physical type of relaxation and also helps with pain relief.

I like that Amy is using both amino acids as powder and I’m happy for her. GABA powder tastes pleasant and is much more effective used this way (or capsule opened or sublingual).

Tryptophan can be swallowed but many find it more effective as a powder or capsule opened. As Amy says, it’s very bitter as a powder.

Tryptophan or 5-HTP and different forms of GABA – for sleep, anger and mood symptoms

Kerry tried 5-HTP and pharmaGABA but did better with tryptophan and GABA Calm:

My naturopath had me on 5-HTP but I never felt a benefit, and pharmaGaba was a histamine trigger. After reading your book I tried tryptophan and spent many months on 2 x 500mg at bedtime. This helped with sleep and definitely stopped the surges of anger that happened often.

I read a lady say her staple was 2 x Gaba Calm at bedtime and on rising, so I tried this and it helped.

I now take both tryptophan and Gaba Calm only if I feel niggly mood symptoms.

My previous diet was standard vegetarian, then vegan for several years. I now have lots of protein in the form of beef liver capsules, eggs and protein powder. I don’t like meat.

Kerry shared all this in a recent blog comment, describing how tryptophan and GABA Calm were big game-changers for her, in addition to “a long slow mold detox …addressing nutritional deficiencies and implementing dietary changes.”

Mycotoxins caused by mold, nutritional deficiencies and a poor quality diet can impact neurotransmitter production. The good news is that when you find the right combination of amino acids – in this case tryptophan and GABA Calm – you can get relief right away while the other factors are being addressed. It reduces the overwhelm, stress and fears too.

Kerry’s approach of consistent use of both amino acids is the best way to go and I’m so happy for her. And once levels are sufficient they can be used as needed, provided other underlying causes (like toxins, diet etc) are being addressed.

I will add that some individuals do better on 5-HTP and some do better on tryptophan so it’s often a matter of doing a trial of both. I typically recommend tryptophan to start because 5-HTP can be an issue if cortisol is high.

I also always recommend starting with some forms of GABA because of the potential histamine issues with pharmaGABA. That said, some individuals do tolerate pharamGABA so it’s worth doing a trial of both. And we may also consider theanine when we want to support low GABA, low serotonin and low dopamine.

Theanine and tryptophan and diet/lifestyle changes – and feeling her best!

Luna worked with a health practitioner to taper off Prozac (very slowly) and used amino acids during the taper and afterwards:

As someone who took Prozac for years and eventually came off, please pay special attention to Trudy’s advice to come off it SLOWLY. I’d say do it so slowly it may seem ridiculous.

I tried three times to get off Prozac and it was only with the help of an ND/PharmD did I finally get the info needed to come off it without *awful* side effects. To do it well, the process takes MONTHS – not weeks as many doctors recommend.

These days, I take L-Theanine and L-Tryptophan. And I’m preparing to add some GABA soon. Combined with daily 45 minute walks outside, and a low-sugar/low-gluten diet, I’m doing the best I have in my adult life.

A comprehensive approach that includes amino acids, dietary changes, and getting out in nature can make a world of difference. I love it when I hear feedback like this.

Additional resources when you are new to using tryptophan and GABA and other amino acids as supplements

As always, I use the symptoms questionnaire to figure out if low serotonin or low GABA or other neurotransmitter imbalances may be an issue.

If you suspect low levels of any of the neurotransmitters and do not yet have my book, The Antianxiety Food Solution – How the Foods You Eat Can Help You Calm Your Anxious Mind, Improve Your Mood, and End Cravings, I highly recommend getting it and reading it before jumping in and using amino acids on your own so you are knowledgeable. And be sure to share it with the practitioner/health team you or your loved one is working with.

There is an entire chapter on the amino acids and they are discussed throughout the book in the sections on gut health, gluten, blood sugar control (this is covered in an entire chapter too), sugar cravings, anxiety and mood issues.

If, after reading this blog and my book, you don’t feel comfortable figuring things out on your own (i.e. doing the symptoms questionnaire and respective amino acids trials), a good place to get help is the GABA QuickStart Program (if you have low GABA symptoms). This is a paid online/virtual group program where you get my guidance and community support.

Wrapping up and your feedback

Now I’d love to hear from you – how has tryptophan and GABA helped you or a loved one?

If you’d like to get on the notification list for the next Serotonin Quickstart Program (a paid online/virtual group program where you get my guidance and community support during 5 LIVE Q&A calls), please do so here.

If you’re a practitioner do you use tryptophan and GABA with your clients/patients?

Feel free to share and ask your questions below.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Stress and Depressive Disorders through the Gut–Brain Axis

January 31, 2025 By Trudy Scott 4 Comments

Research conducted on individuals with depression reveals that major depressive disorders (MDDs) coincide with diminished levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, as well as modifications in the subunit composition of the primary receptors (GABA_A receptors) responsible for mediating GABAergic inhibition.

Furthermore, there is substantial evidence supporting the significant role of GABA in regulating stress within the brain, which is a pivotal vulnerability factor in mood disorders. GABA is readily available and approved as a food supplement in many countries.

Although there is substantial evidence indicating that orally ingested GABA may affect GABA receptors in peripheral tissues, there is comparatively less evidence supporting its direct action within the brain.

Emerging evidence highlights that oral GABA intake may exert beneficial effects on the brain and psyche through the gut–brain axis. While GABA enjoys wide consumer acceptance in Eastern Asian markets, with many consumers reporting favorable effects on stress regulation, mood, and sleep, rigorous independent research is still largely lacking.

Basic research, coupled with initial clinical findings, makes GABA an intriguing neuro-nutritional compound deserving of clinical studies in individuals with depression and other psychological problems.

This is the abstract from a recently published review paper: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid in Stress and Depressive Disorders through the Gut–Brain Axis

Does GABA exert calming and mood benefits via the gut-brain axis or is it really just a placebo effect? This paper discusses both possibilities. I’m excited by the former (and share more about this below) but I do not agree with the latter. Based on my clinical and personal experience, the calming effects of the amino acid GABA, used as a supplement (when you have low GABA symptoms/levels and used in a very specific way), is not a placebo effect. I also discuss this and share some cases that clearly confirm there is no placebo effect. Read on to be enlightened and encouraged about the power of GABA.

GABA and the microbiota-gut-brain axis

The authors describe the microbiome-gut-brain axis as “the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract, including its resident microbiota and the brain, linking emotional and cognitive centers of the brain with peripheral intestinal functions.”

They acknowledge that while we don’t quite understand the exact mechanisms of this bidirectional communication, “the vagus nerve, the endocrine and immune system, and the synthesis and metabolism of metabolites and neurotransmitters in the gut are critically involved.” This is exciting given what we know about the blood brain barrier.

If you are new to this concept of the gut-brain axis or want to read some of the latest updates, I encourage you to read the paper and learn about the benefits of probiotics (such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Leuconostoc) and prebiotics i.e. psychobiotics; and fermented foods – for mood improvement and stress reduction.

You’ll read this about GABA (both as a metabolite produced by the microbiome and as a supplement):

found in the enteric nervous system it contributes significantly to gut-brain axis functions and related disorders, including depression, anxiety, inflammatory, and cardiovascular disorders (they refer to GABA as a crucial ‘postbiotic’ i.e. a metabolite produced by the microbiome)
while GABA may not directly cross the blood-brain barrier in humans, an indirect influence through the enteric nervous system could potentially provide a viable pathway for the impact of GABA dietary supplements
although the connection between oral GABA administration i.e. GABA supplementation, the vagal nerve, and GABA levels in the brain has not been firmly established, considering the existing evidence, it represents a promising avenue for future research.

The last two bullets are worth emphasizing because one of the most common myths is that “GABA supplements don’t work because GABA is too big a molecule to get across the blood brain barrier.” It really doesn’t need to get through the blood brain barrier in order to be calming.

I share more about this in a blog I published in 2023 – you can read it here.

GABA is a lifesaver and helps with mycotoxin-induced anxiety

Joie has Sjogren’s, Hashimoto’s, fibromyalgia & collagenous colitis (all diagnosed after severe mold exposure) and shares how GABA

has been a life saver for me (for my anxiety), and I share this with all I know who experience anxiety. I also use L-theanine at night because of insomnia. The 5-HTP has helped somewhat for sleep. L-tryptophan didn’t seem to make a difference. However the 5-HTP has made a significant difference in lessening my daily pain levels, which I am most grateful for.

Micki Contini, MS CNC, a board-certified holistic health and nutrition consultant, is a friend and colleague whose life was hugely impacted by mold toxicity. She shares this about how GABA helped her:

As they started tearing my house apart for remediation, I started eating GABA Calm like candy. At the beginning I had to have a lot more than I do now. GABA Calm takes me down a notch and I feel my shoulder coming away from my ears and I get closer to relaxing.

Here are a few other blogs that illustrate just how calming GABA can be when used as a supplement:

If GABA works it’s a placebo effect?!

I find this statement in the conclusion of the review to be confusing given all that the authors share about the gut-brain axis, vagus nerve and bidirectional communication:

The dietary supplement form of GABA is readily accessible to consumers. While many individuals assert that they derive advantages from using these products, it remains uncertain whether these supplements provide benefits beyond what could be attributed to a placebo effect.

Their argument about conflict of interest and small sample sizes when it comes to studies doesn’t hold water with me.

As I mentioned above, based on my clinical experience, the calming effects of the amino acid GABA, used as a supplement when you have low GABA levels (and used in a very specific way), is not a placebo effect.

The following two cases clearly confirm there is no placebo effect (and these are just a few of many which I plan to share with the authors).

My 6 year old was having panic attacks getting out of the car for Kindergarten

My 6 year old son was having panic attacks getting out of the car going to Kindergarten and taking two GABA Calm has completely relieved him of his fears. He has been going for 3 straight weeks in a row.

I thought it may be low serotonin since this happened last winter as well but I gave him 5-HTP for a couple months and it didn’t seem to affect him and his anxiety. We had to have him repeat Kinder this year.

But wow, the GABA has been fabulous and Kindergarten is in full swing because of your help.

Lisa, a mom in the community, shared these wonderful results about her son. This is most definitely not a placebo effect.

You can read the entire story on the blog here. The school is actually in shock at how well carpooling is going for him.

GABA lessens anxiety, agitation and defiance in 98 year old mother who has been “sundowning” for a couple of years

My mother is 98 and has been “sundowning” for a couple of years. It starts around 3pm, sometimes earlier. Some days it’s no big deal. It is on those other days when she starts and then it goes to anxiety, agitation, then she can get sort of defiant which is so not her. She is a gentle soul, friendly, and kind so this is difficult on her as well as our family.

I just started to use my pestle and mortar to crush up a 125 mg GABA CALM supplement (Source Naturals) and I mix a little into her flavored yogurt when I start to see her having difficulty. I give it to her throughout the day. She only gets the 125 mg amount so I feel safe with that.

I believe that I do notice it lessens her anxiety. I pray that this will be helpful for her because that anxiety can be really draining for her. I have not noticed any adverse reactions.

This is another heartwarming success story shared by Marsha who used GABA Calm with her mother. It’s yet another one that is not a placebo effect either. You can read the entire blog post here.

My personal GABA results are also not a placebo effect

I can also share from first-hand experience that GABA was a life-saver for me in my late 30s when I had no idea what a panic attack was and knew very little about GABA other than the fact it calmed me down very quickly!

I still use GABA in various situations to this day: to help with back spasms after a fall, to help with rectal spasms, to help with throat spasms/pain caused by crying (after the loss of my darling mom), to help me sleep solidly and before doing an on-stage presentation, and much more.

GABA is effective and safe when used in a very specific way

Many people use GABA and report it didn’t work or that they had a strange or uncomfortable reaction to their GABA supplement (such as tingles or flush or feeling dizzy). I’m on a mission to educate folks how GABA is effective and safe when used in a very specific way:

Only if you have low GABA levels and symptoms of physical tension, overwhelm, fears, anxiousness, stiff and tense muscles, stress eating, drinking to calm down or fit in socially (you can see all the symptoms here)
Starting with a low dose of around 125mg (and less if you’re sensitive)
Only using it as a sublingual, powder or capsule opened on to the tongue, liposomal or GABA cream (to see results in 1-10 mins and to bypass the digestive system)
Titrating up (and sometimes back down) to find the ideal dose for your unique needs
Being open to trialing different products and forms and sometimes combining GABA with theanine
Understanding that there can be nuances to using GABA, making one change at a time and not giving up too soon
Tracking carefully and course-correcting as needed

I educate anxious individuals about all of the above and offer guidance and encouragement in the GABA Quickstart 2.0 online group 5 week program.

I hope this summary, the review paper and the cases leave you feeling enlightened and encouraged about the power of calming GABA.

Additional resources when you are new to using GABA and other amino acids as supplements

As always, I use the symptoms questionnaire to figure out if low GABA or other neurotransmitter imbalances may be an issue.

If you suspect low levels of any of the neurotransmitters and do not yet have my book, The Antianxiety Food Solution – How the Foods You Eat Can Help You Calm Your Anxious Mind, Improve Your Mood, and End Cravings, I highly recommend getting it and reading it before jumping in and using amino acids on your own so you are knowledgeable. And be sure to share it with the practitioner/health team you or your loved one is working with.

If, after reading this blog and my book, you don’t feel comfortable figuring things out on your own (i.e. doing the symptoms questionnaire and respective amino acids trials), a good place to get help is the GABA QuickStart Program (if you have low GABA symptoms). This is a paid online/virtual group program where you get my guidance and community support.

Wrapping up and your feedback

Have you experienced the benefits of GABA for stress and/or low mood? Do you believe it’s more than a placebo effect?

And are you excited to understand the possible mechanisms and read the research? Or do you just want to know how GABA could help you and how to use it?

Have you tried GABA without success or only had limited success? Feel free to share and I’ll provide my feedback.

Feel free to ask your questions below.

Collagen causes increased anxiety, low mood, irritability, insomnia, gut issues and an itchy skin: some questions and my answers

September 2, 2022 By Trudy Scott 37 Comments

Today we have some feedback from folks on some of the negative impacts they experienced when consuming collagen. I’m sharing their questions and the feedback I gave them in the hope this will help you too. Not everyone experiences unpleasant symptoms when consuming collagen but those who are susceptible may experience the following: increased anxiety or new anxiety, feeling low, inability to sleep or worsening sleep, tension, irritability, gut issues, itchy skin, frequent urination, a bad mood, worsening psoriasis, blepharitis, panic attacks and a disrupted menstrual cycle.

The causes of these symptoms can be due to the serotonin-lowering effects of collagen, the dietary oxalate impact, a histamine reaction and/or a glutamate reaction to collagen.

Beth shares how she feels low and anxious after using marine collagen for five days:

Have just recently begun receiving your emails. I read the above article and wanted to let you know of my experience. I started taking Vital Proteins marine collagen to see if it would improve sun damage to my skin. I took one scoop for about five days. On the fifth day I felt very low. So low that it made me somewhat anxious. As I have trouble with anxiety I stopped it immediately. Felt better the next day. The container lists 19 amino acids including tryptophan but the amount of it is zero mg. I hadn’t noticed that when I started taking it. After reading your article I’m fairly sure that that is why I felt depressed.

I shared this: for individuals who have observed a mood dip or increase in anxiety since using collagen or gelatin, I suggest they stop using collagen/gelatin and see how they feel, then add it back and see how they feel (sometimes more than once if they are not certain).

If they do see a correlation, look at the low serotonin symptoms and do a trial of tryptophan or 5-HTP (after checking the precautions) to see if this improves their low mood and reduces their anxiety when using collagen/gelatin. This confirms if their symptoms are due to the serotonin-lowering effects and allows them to continue using it for the benefits it provides.

Be sure to read the above collagen/serotonin blog for some of the research on what makes some folks more susceptible to the serotonin-lowering effects: a current depression/anxiety or history of depression/anxiety (even a family history), prior use of antidepressants, OCD / obsessive compulsive disorder, MAOA and/or 5-HTTLPR (the serotonin transporter gene) polymorphisms, smokers or former smokers, and women polydrug ecstasy users. This is not a conclusive list.

It’s interesting that she mentions her product has tryptophan listed with zero mg. When I looked online I didn’t see it listed on the product at all. Maybe it’s a change they have made to the label.

I also shared that when you are new to the amino acids (and other anxiety nutrition solutions like real whole food, quality animal protein, fermented foods, organic produce, health fats, gluten/sugar/caffeine removal, blood sugar control, gut health, pyroluria etc) my book “The Antianxiety Food Solution” is a great place to start.

The above question and the following questions come from the popular blog, Collagen and gelatin lower serotonin: does this increase your anxiety and depression?

How long after stopping bone broth does it take for this anxious feeling to leave?

Diane asks about bone broth and collagen and how it causes extreme anxiety and sleep problems:

I just finished your book and have to say how awesome it is ! A wealth of information. As I am struggling with many of the issues, I do have a question on bone broth and collagen. I have definitely noticed extreme anxiety and inability to sleep with bone broth and collagen supplement.(plus spring allergies are at play as well) I even tried a piece of Turkey with my bone broth this week to see if that helped. I have such gut issues I was really hoping to use bone broth. Anyway, my question is how long after stopping bone broth does it take for this anxious feeling to leave? Days or weeks? I want it cleared out before I try adding tryptophan with the broth.

I thanked her for the great feedback on my book. It’s wonderful to have the foundational stuff in place and she’s getting that from my book.

I don’t have an answer on how long symptoms can last as it’s very individualized. Typically if the effects are caused by serotonin being lowered, using either tryptophan or 5-HTP can result in significantly less anxiety and better sleep in a few days, provided the optimal dose is used.

Keep in mind that spring allergies can often make things worse and more tryptophan or 5-HTP may be needed during the allergy period. The dose would then need to be reduced once allergy season has passed. I blog about spring allergies and increased anxiety here.

My advice would be to use the tryptophan or 5-HTP to resolve the anxiety and insomnia and then once resolved, consider adding back the collagen and monitoring how she is doing. At this time she may need to bump up her tryptophan or 5-HTP yet again.

Is it a histamine reaction rather than low serotonin? (or an oxalate or glutamate reaction?)

Kelly believes her symptoms may be a histamine reaction and not caused by low serotonin:

If you become anxious, tense, irritable, can’t sleep AND have some issues with itchy skin, frequent urination, worsened gut issues, etc., then it’s a histamine problem from the collagen/glycine, and not serotonin at all.

I shared that these symptoms could actually be both since low serotonin can also cause anxiety, tension, irritability and insomnia. But I agree the itchy skin, frequent urination, worsened gut issues are a big clue it’s a histamine issue too or perhaps only a histamine issue. Gut issues would happen with both low serotonin and histamine.

I’d start with a trial of tryptophan or 5-HTP because if it is low serotonin you will know very quickly. You can see what symptoms resolve and by how much.

Challenges with dietary oxalates could cause all the symptoms she experiences. So it’s a matter of figuring it out for each person. If you already know you have histamine or oxalate issues it’s also relatively easy to figure out by simply stopping the collagen and/or adding the counter-measures you typically use – like quercetin for histamine reactions and calcium citrate for oxalate issues.

It’s possible that some of these symptoms are a glutamate reaction too – like anxiety, tension, irritability and insomnia – and the amino acid GABA may help in this instance.

A bad mood, insomnia, psoriasis, blepharitis, panic attacks, hormone imbalance – oxalates or serotonin-lowering effects?

Em shares how she had a really bad mood, full blown insomnia, worsening psoriasis, blepharitis, panic attacks and disrupted menstrual cycle:

I am soooo glad I found this article. I started taking Oslo Skin Labs collagen (Verisol, so it is considered good quality) half way through December 2021. Looking back, that is when the problems started. I started sleeping restlessly and it got really bad in January. Full blown insomnia. My psoriasis got much worse, the blepharitis too. I have severe Endometriosis and was worried that if these other inflammation issues (psoriasis causes skin inflammation and blepharitis causes eye inflammation) were worse then maybe my endo was worse also since that can’t be checked on the outside.

Besides the inflammation symptoms I was experiencing extremely bad moods, feeling tense to the point of bordering on panic attacks and also a disrupted menstrual cycle.

I have been on Amitriptyline for 1,5 years and it worked wonders on my mood and sleep and I just couldn’t figure out why it wasn’t working any more. Then I realized that the only thing I changed was adding collagen to my diet in my fruit/vegetable smoothie ( I don’t drink coffee). So I started Googeling and found your article and stopped the collagen immediately. Have stopped for 2 days now and already my eyes are less red and inflamed. Pfew! It’s crazy and also scary how serious the side effects of collagen have been.

Do you think that besides the tryptophan lowering side effect that also the histamine might have played a part in my case? I don’t dare try the collagen with tryptophan supplement as the potential side effects are too serious to play around with. But I’m very bummed out about missing out on the skin and hair benefits.

Would love to hear your thoughts. I follow a vegetarian diet by the way and eat super healthy.

With Em I’d suspect an oxalate issue first because of the worsening psoriasis, blepharitis and endometriosis. She is also a vegetarian and this diet is often high in dietary oxalates. I write about oxalates and pain here.

However, with the “bad moods, feeling tense to the point of bordering on panic attacks and also a disrupted menstrual cycle”, I’d also suspect a serotonin-lowering impact. As mentioned above, a history of mood issues and antidepressant use can be a predisposing factor. She would need to work with her prescribing doctor if she wanted to use tryptophan or 5-HTP because Amitriptyline has the potential to cause serotonin syndrome.

It’s also possible that her symptoms are caused in part by a histamine or glutamate reaction too.

With appreciation for helping to create awareness about these issues with collagen

I have much appreciation for each of these women for asking these questions and sharing their symptoms so we can all learn. There is not much awareness about collagen being problematic for some susceptible folks and it’s a very rude awakening when you start using something for the health benefits and have a bad reaction. Hopefully their stories and others like this will help create more awareness.

The good news is that once you identify your cause/s and address them as above, you can often continue to consume collagen.

Resources if you are new to using tryptophan/5-HTP and other amino acids as supplements

If you are new to using any of the amino acids as supplements, here is the Amino Acids Mood Questionnaire from The Antianxiety Food Solution (you can see all the symptoms of neurotransmitter imbalances, including low serotonin and low GABA).

If you suspect low levels of any of the neurotransmitters and do not yet have my book, The Antianxiety Food Solution – How the Foods You Eat Can Help You Calm Your Anxious Mind, Improve Your Mood, and End Cravings, I highly recommend getting it and reading it before jumping in and using amino acids on your own so you are knowledgeable. And be sure to share it with the practitioner/health team you or your loved one is working with.

There is an entire chapter on the amino acids and they are discussed throughout the book in the sections on gut health, gluten, blood sugar control, sugar cravings, self-medicating with alcohol and more.

If, after reading this blog and my book, you don’t feel comfortable figuring things out on your own (i.e. doing the symptoms questionnaire and respective amino acids trials), a good place to get help is the GABA QuickStart Program (if you have low GABA symptoms). This is a paid online/virtual group program where you get my guidance and community support.

Have you experienced any adverse symptoms when using collagen? Please share the symptoms so we can all learn from each other .

And were you able to figure out if it was due to low serotonin, a histamine or glutamate reaction or because of dietary oxalates?

If it was low serotonin, has tryptophan or 5-HTP helped so you can continue to use collagen?

If you have questions please share them here too.

GABA helps 14-year-old with Tourette’s Syndrome (the tics and sleep), and tyrosine makes him happier and his mind sharper

January 21, 2022 By Trudy Scott 30 Comments

We typically associate low GABA, a calming neurotransmitter, with a physical-type of tension- anxiety that also often affects sleep. However there is evidence that low GABA is also a factor in other conditions. One of these conditions is Tourette’s Syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of chronic tics which can be motor/movement and vocal. In today’s blog I share some research that suggests a deficit in GABAergic transmission may contribute to symptoms in Tourette’s and a case study where a teenage boy found relief from his tics when using the amino acid GABA as a supplement. GABA also improved his sleep. He also made some dietary changes – no gluten, no sugar and no caffeine – and supplemented with magnesium and melatonin. The amino acid tyrosine, used as a supplement, also improved his low mood and focus, both of which can be issues with Tourette’s.

Kim, a mom in this community, shared this wonderful feedback about her son in response to a Facebook post a few years ago:

Because of your book, I started using GABA for my 14-year-old son with moderate to severe Tourette’s Syndrome, and the results have been significant. Highly recommended for tics, and sleep for these individuals. Thank you.

I asked her how much GABA he used and how often and she shared this:

He used 750mg GABA nightly before bed, and if tics are really active then additional 300mg. Lots of water and a balanced diet with no caffeine…. life-saver.

Keep in mind that 750mg is considered a high dose. We typically start with 125mg GABA and increase based on each person’s unique needs. There is the temptation to think “I have tics and this is a very severe condition so I need a high dose to start.” You don’t want to be thinking like this. Some people may not need this much and others may need this high dose. We always use the trial method to figure out the ideal dose.

She also shared that when he added tyrosine, he saw benefits from that amino acid supplement too:

He recently added 300mg of l-tyrosine, and it promotes happiness and a sharper mind, due to brain fog. He says he really notices a difference. He has read your book as well.

How wonderful is this? GABA helped reduce his tics and improved his sleep, and tyrosine improved his mood and focus.

I love that he’s read my book – good for him and this mom! It’s never too early to have you and your child read this information. It’s empowering for them so they understand the changes they need to make and why these amino acids, dietary changes and elimination of caffeine make such a difference.

I recently checked in to see how he is doing now and asked what other nutritional approaches helped/help other than GABA, a balanced diet and no caffeine. She shared this:

He’s gluten free, magnesium for sure for the muscle tics, and melatonin for good sleep (Touretters need a routine sleep schedule).

He’s 18 now and is doing way better as he matures, but GABA no doubt has improved his life. We promote GABA and educate others as much as possible.

All this is so great to hear and I love that they now help to educate others about GABA too.

I appreciate that she gave me permission to share, hence this post. (The image above is a stock image and not her son.)

Tourette’s Syndrome and reduced GABA function

This paper, Reduced GABAergic inhibition and abnormal sensory symptoms in children with Tourette syndrome, describes the condition and the role of reduced GABA function:

Tourette Syndrome is characterized by the presence of chronic tics. Individuals with Tourette Syndrome often report difficulty with ignoring (habituating to) tactile sensations, and some patients perceive that this contributes to a “premonitory urge” to tic. While common, the physiological basis of impaired tactile processing in Tourette Syndrome, and indeed tics themselves, remain poorly understood.

It has been well established that GABAergic processing plays an important role in shaping the neurophysiological response to tactile stimulation. Furthermore, there are multiple lines of evidence suggesting that a deficit in GABAergic transmission may contribute to symptoms found in Tourette Syndrome.

In this study, the authors used testing (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and tasks that were vibrotactile (the perception of vibration through touch) to investigate the role of GABA and atypical sensory processing in these 8-12-year old children with Tourette Syndrome.

They found the following:

lower concentration of GABA in the sensorimotor cortex and “impaired performance on tactile detection and adaptation tasks, consistent with altered GABAergic function”
the altered/reduced GABAergic function correlated with the severity of motor tics and sensory impairments, “linking the core feature of Tourette Syndrome directly to … brain neurochemistry.”

The authors conclude that this provides a foundation for novel interventions (i.e. medications) but unfortunately do not offer the use of the amino acid GABA as one of these solutions. This is very unfortunate but not unexpected. I plan to reach out to the authors and share this case study and blog.

This research supports why GABA works so well for Kim’s son and why he needed higher amounts of GABA when his tics were more active/severe. And now I’m curious to find out if her son has/had sensory issues and how they improve/improved with GABA. I’ll report back if I hear from her about this.

It’s no surprise that GABA helps his sleep too. There is much evidence supporting this – like the the sleep promoting effects of combined GABA and 5-HTP (or GABA alone or 5-HTP alone). I’ve also shared many GABA-sleep success stories on the blog. Here is one: Since starting GABA my child sleeps for the first time in years and really notices a difference in his carb cravings. (Use the search feature and “GABA sleep” to find additional blog posts)

Interestingly only 8% of the children in the study had generalized anxiety disorder. Given how common low GABA is in anxiety, and that low serotonin can also be a factor with tics, I would have expected anxiety to be higher.

Evidence supporting the other nutritional changes he made

There is evidence to support the other nutritional changes that Kim’s son made:

There are reports that “an increase in tics has been related to the consumption of caffeine and refined sugar.” The authors acknowledge that there is no one diet for Tourette’s, so as always, it’s a matter of figuring out the ideal diet for each child (or adult) with tics. Oligoantigenic diets have been identified as significantly reducing tics. This involves removing foods that can potentially cause a food sensitivity leading to tics and/or behavioral impacts and/or insomnia.
A gluten-free diet maintained for one year in patients with Tourette’s Syndrome was shown to markedly reduce tics and OCD in children and adults
Magnesium is one of the most used supplements in children with Tourette’s Syndrome. When used with probiotics, omega-3 and multivitamins “Seventy-five per cent of supplement users in the Tourette syndrome group noted improvement, mainly in motor and vocal tics, sleep quality and anxiety reduction.”
Melatonin is listed with a number of medications commonly prescribed for tic disorders where sleep issues are also a factor

Keep in mind that the above is not a protocol for relief from tics for everyone with Tourette’s Syndrome. It’s what worked for the unique biochemical needs of Kim’s son.

That said, this could be a framework to start with and build upon.

Tyrosine improves his mood and focus

Tyrosine helps with low catecholamines, improving the curl-up-in-bed low-energy kind of low mood and poor focus. (You can see all the symptoms here.) The typical dose is 500mg tyrosine a few times a day. Kim’s son found just 300mg to be beneficial.

Interestingly, 48% of the children in this study had attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with about half of those on stimulant medication. I wonder how many would have also benefited from tyrosine for improving their focus, as it did for Kim’s son.

Resources if you are new to using GABA or tyrosine as a supplement

If you are new to using the the amino acid GABA or tyrosine as supplements, here is the Amino Acids Mood Questionnaire from The Antianxiety Food Solution (you can see the low serotonin and other low neurotransmitter symptoms) and a brief overview here: Anxiety and targeted individual amino acid supplements: a summary.

If you suspect low levels of GABA or catecholamines and do not yet have my book, The Antianxiety Food Solution – How the Foods You Eat Can Help You Calm Your Anxious Mind, Improve Your Mood, and End Cravings, I highly recommend getting it and reading it before jumping in and using amino acids so you are knowledgeable.

And be sure to share it with the team you or your loved one is working with. As I mentioned above, it’s empowering for your teen and also relatively easy reading too.

The book doesn’t include product names (per the publisher’s request) so this blog, The Antianxiety Food Solution Amino Acid and Pyroluria Supplements, lists the GABA and tyrosine products that I use with my individual clients and those in my group programs.

Have you seen results with GABA or any of the above approaches? Or has another approach helped you or your child?

If you’re a practitioner have you seen GABA and any of the above to help? What else has helped your clients/patients?

If you suffer from Tourette’s Syndrome, do you also experience ADHD, insomnia, low mood and/or anxiety?

Feel free to ask your questions here too.

Vitamin C causes oxalate formation resulting in pain, anxiety, and insomnia (when there is a defect in ascorbic acid or oxalate metabolism)?

September 4, 2020 By Trudy Scott 50 Comments

Supplemental vitamin C has many exceptional health benefits and causes no issues for a large majority of individuals. However if you have dietary oxalate issues, doses of vitamin C above 100mg to 250mg per day may be problematic and trigger pain, anxiety, insomnia, bladder issues and more. This blog, Coronavirus and vitamin C for immune support: new pain or more severe pain due to oxalate issues?, is part 1 of the series which sets the scene and is a fact-finding article. Part 2, Oxalate crystal disease, dietary oxalates and pain: the research & questions (part 2), covers the research behind oxalate crystal disease.

Today we look at some of the research on vitamin C/ascorbic acid being a possible trigger for the formation of oxalates in certain instances. This paper, No contribution of ascorbic acid to renal calcium oxalate stones, has a good summary:

Even though a certain part of oxalate in the urine derives from metabolized ascorbic acid, the intake of high doses of vitamin C does not increase the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones due to physiological regulatory factor: gastrointestinal absorption as well as renal tubular reabsorption of ascorbic acid are saturable processes, and the metabolic transformation of ascorbic acid to oxalate is limited as well.

But in the large-scale Harvard Prospective Health Professional Follow-Up Study, those groups in the highest quintile of vitamin C intake (> 1,500 mg/day) had a lower risk of kidney stones than the groups in the lowest quintiles.

This paper does however have this precaution:

Recurrent stone formers and patients with renal failure who have a defect in ascorbic acid or oxalate metabolism should restrict daily vitamin C intakes to approximately 100 mg.

My proposed interpretation of this

I’d like to propose an interpretation of this, based on what we know about oxalates. These are the individuals who should restrict daily vitamin C intakes to approximately 100 mg per day (or up to around 250mg per day – more on the range below):

1) If you are someone who is a recurrent stone former or is in renal failure with a defect in ascorbic acid or oxalate metabolism

2) If you are someone with dietary oxalate issues i.e. you have similar symptoms when consuming vitamin C as you do when consuming high oxalate foods. Could we consider that you be classified as having “a defect in ascorbic acid or oxalate metabolism?” I would say yes.

I’ve added #2 above because we need to keep in mind that many individuals who have issues with dietary oxalates are not necessarily stone formers and nor do they have renal failure.

Research is also lacking in this area as you can read in Oxalate crystal disease, dietary oxalates and pain: the research & questions (part 2).

An omission of the 100mg per day restriction

I would like to point out that the study mentioned above was referred to in an article on Dr. Andrew Saul’s site but for some reason the section about the 100mg daily restriction was omitted from the article. It may have something to do with the fact that the author firmly believes that no-one has oxalate issues with any dose of vitamin C. In fact, he even jokingly makes this comment in the article:

Is some clown still trying to tell you that vitamin C is somehow dangerous? Or that you shouldn’t take more than 200 mg/day?

If you are someone who does experience pain when consuming vitamin C (like I do), I’m pretty sure you don’t find this comment amusing.

Vitamin C intake leading to pain, anxiety, insomnia, low mood and bladder issues

Here is some additional feedback from a question I posted on Facebook. This is the question I posted:

I’ve been sharing here about vitamin C being an issue for some folks who have oxalate issues and seeing an increase in pain. I’d love to hear if you upped your vitamin C intake for immune support and saw your mood take a dive or your anxiety increase or your sleep get worse? Vitamin C typically helps because it’s a cofactor for making neurotransmitters like serotonin and GABA and tyrosine but too much of a good thing is not good! Did you also have increased or new pain (as well as anxiety, low mood and insomnia)?

Here are some of the responses from folks who shared about pain, anxiety, insomnia, low mood and bladder issues:

Fay shared this: “Yes increased pain, insomnia and anxiety with increased C and mouth sores to boot. Taking liposomal C and Ester C to boost antioxidants for health reasons and pain in elbows and knees. Not sleeping well at all either.”
Lica shared this: “Yes increased anxiety…never thought of it before…felt a bug coming on and took c for a few days…yup anxiety.”
Nicola shared this: “Increase in body pain, burning bladder, sleep affected and low mood ( not something I usually suffer with). I was taking liposomal C then increased the dose and also added Ester C as I had symptoms of covid. I was taking 1-2g a day of liposomal previously as a preventative and increased to 4g plus 4g of Ester. Only did it for a couple of days. Stopped three days ago and pain is starting to subside but no sleep last night. So I will continue with a break for now and add a very low dose again perhaps of Ester C and see how I go.”

I really appreciate these women sharing their experiences so we can all learn!

What is the upper limit of vitamin C for individuals with dietary oxalate issues?

I’m sure you’re wondering about the various dosages mentioned: the study mentions 100mg per day, Dr. Andrew Saul’s clown comment says 200mg per day and Susan Owen’s TLO Facebook group recommends no more than 250mg per day. You’ll need to figure out what the upper dose of vitamin C you can tolerate – by trial and error.

The big disconnect is always the mention of kidney stones

This is one of many similar studies on the topic of ascorbic acid/vitamin C and oxalates. There are also many studies and articles stating that vitamin C does NOT play a role in the formation of oxalates and cause kidney stones. The big disconnect is always the mention of kidney stones. The missing piece – in the research and in many articles – is that you can have issues with dietary oxalates AND vitamin C when there is no kidney disease/no kidney stones.

I have a number of additional oxalate blog posts planned so please let me know what else you want to hear about.

Here are the 2 previous blog posts on this topic of oxalates, vitamin C and pain:

Please also share your vitamin C oxalate story and how you figured it out (and if you react in a similar way to dietary oxalates).

Let us know what your ideal dose is (and which dose caused issues) and what form of vitamin C and product name you use/used. Feel free to share if you also have a history of kidney stones.

Feel free to post your questions here too.

Read all posts in this series: